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Biomarkers are any of a suite of complex organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and other elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, which are found in crude oils, bitumens, petroleum source rock and eventually show simplification in molecular structure from the parent organic molecules found in all living organisms. Essentially, they are complex carbon-based molecules derived from formerly living organisms.〔Wang, Z.; Stout, S.; Fingas, M. Environmental Forensics, 2006 7, 105-146.〕 Biomarker compounds are typically analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Some examples of biomarkers found in petroleum are pristane, phytane, steranes, triterpanes and porphyrin. Geologists and Geochemists use biomarkers traces found in crude oils and their related source rock to unravel the stratigraphic origin and migration pathways of presently existing petroleum deposits.〔Ian M. Head, D. Martin Jones & Steve R. Larter. Biological activity in the deep subsurface and the origin of heavy oil. Nature, 2003, 1-36.〕 ==References== * "The Biomarker Guide. Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments", 1993,by Kenneth Peters and J.Michael Moldowan,Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-086752-7 de:Biomarker et:Biomarker pl:Biomarkery (geologia) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Biomarker (petroleum)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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